2023

Security and Defence Quarterly

Journal year: 2023 | Journal volume: vol. 42 | Journal number: no. 2

review article

english

EN The civil war in Lebanon, which erupted in 1975, can be succinctly described as an identity crisis. A crisis that is not limited to the civil war era, but rather encompassing the political, social, and economic state of the Lebanese nation since 1920. The country, once referred to as a “house of many mansions,” stands as a prime example of political and economic disorganisation of a fragile state. The causes of the civil war are multifaceted, stemming from both regional and international factors, yet the underlying internal fragility of Lebanon played the most significant role in its fate. As a multi-confessional country in the Middle East, Lebanon has struggled to maintain a distinct identity in the last quarter of the 20th century while facing challenges from armed Palestinian organisations, Ba’athist Syria, and the Islamic Republic of Iran. Despite the lack of support from any regional and international power and the lack of financial and military resources, the Lebanese Christians mobilised their energies not only for their own survival but also for regaining an independent and sovereign Lebanon. The Lebanese Forces (LF) militia was born as a result.

08.04.2023

105 - 107

10.35467/sdq/162154

https://securityanddefence.pl/Book-Review-Nader-Moumneh-2018-The-Lebanese-Forces-Emergence-and-Transformation-of,162154,0,2.html

CC BY (attribution alone)

open journal

final published version

08.04.2023

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