2017

chapter in monograph

polish

EN The Latin term for the act of capitulation was the ‘deditio’. For the Romans the deditio meant losing the political subjectivity which was not always understandable to the representatives of other cultures. Between the 3rd and the 1st century B.C. the Romans waged a lot of wars, and therefore the acts of the deditio were particularly frequent. The author tried to show the misunderstandings that came with the capitulations of the Hellenic states and the Celtic tribes. He also drew an attention to the Roman-Carthaginian treatises of 241 and 201 B.C., which shed a light on the gist of the deditio. The Hellenistic states had very extensive diplomatic interactions and tried to resolve conflicts by the way of an arbitration or negotiations. Consequently, their rulers thought that the Roman perspective is similar but for the Quirites an armed conflict had a different meaning. As the only one the war with the Roman Republic on the Roman terms waged the king of the Pontus, Mithridates VI Eupator. Other problems were related to the relations between Rome and the Celts. Attempts to disarm the Gauls were synonymous for them of losing a status of warrior and symbolical degrading to the category of slaves. In addition, the Celts did not understand the reasons why they would lose the entirely political subjectivity because in their culture the loser just became the client of the winner, but he retained much of his political freedom.

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Kapitulacje w dziejach wojen. Z dziejów wojskowości polskiej i powszechnej

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